Who is exempted from fasting in the month of Ramadaan? Please profit us, May Allāh reward you with good.
Those who’re exempt are;
The one who has misplaced his sanity and consciousness
The younger boy and lady who haven’t reached puberty
The menstruating and postpartum girl
The sick
The traveller
As for the menstruating and postpartum ladies, then basically fasting is compulsory. However, their situation prevents them from being allowed to quick. They should make up the fasting days missed in Ramadaan after their menses and postnatal interval have ended.
As for the sick and the traveller, it’s permissible for them to quick or break their quick in Ramadaan. Breaking their quick is advisable. This relies on the assertion of Allāh:
Whoever is unwell or on a journey, the identical quantity [of days which one did not fast must be made up] from different days.
(Al Baqarah, 2:185)
However, if the sick particular person’s sickness is terminal, after affirmation from reliable medical doctors, then neither fasting is compulsory for him neither is it obligatory to make it up. Instead, it’s upon him to feed a poor particular person for every single day he broke his quick. The quantity due is 2 mixed prophetic handfuls (roughly 1.087kg).
This additionally applies to the aged man and girl who’re unable to quick. They should feed a poor particular person two prophetic handfuls of their regular meals for every day they didn’t quick. Fasting just isn’t upon them neither is making it up after Ramadaan. It can be permissible for them to pay the compensation in one move, for the entire month. This might be completed in the beginning, the top, or through the month. It might be given to 1 particular person (every single day of the month) or extra.
As for the pregnant and breastfeeding girl, in the event that they discover fasting tough, they’re allowed to interrupt their quick and make it up similar to the traveller and the sick.
Extra Note
The students differed in regards to the ruling on pregnant ladies and breastfeeding moms if they’re unable to quick. There are a number of opinions.
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1. That they should feed the poor solely, and never make up the fasts.
Among the Sahaabah, this was the view of ‘Abd-Allaah ibn ‘Abbaas (رضي الله عنه). Ibn Qudaamah also narrated this in al-Mughni (3/37) from Ibn ‘Umar (رضي الله عنه).
Ibn ‘Abbās (رضي الله عنه) said: “If the pregnant woman fears for herself, or the breastfeeding woman for her child in Ramadaan, then they are to break their fast and in place feed a poor person for each day and they are not to make up the missed days.”
(Reported in at-Ṭabarānī, 2758 with a chain of narrators of the same calibre as the narrators found in the authentic collection of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. See al-Irwāa al-Ghalīl, 4:19. Also refer to Ad-Daraquṭnī, 250)
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2. That they have to make up the fasts only.
This is the view of Imam Abu Haneefah. Among the Sahaabah, it was the view of ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (رضي الله عنه).
They cited the analogy to the sick. Just as the sick are allowed not to fast and have to make it up later, the same applies to those who are pregnant and breastfeeding.
(Al-Mughni, 3/37; al-Majmoo’, 6/273)
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3. That in the event that they worry for themselves, they should make up the quick solely, and in the event that they worry for his or her kids then they should make up the fasts and feed one poor particular person for every day. This is the view of Imam al-Shaafi’i and Imam Ahmad.
Al-Jassaas additionally narrated this from Ibn ‘Umar (رضي الله عنه).
