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Mon 19 Jumada Al Akhira 1445AH 1-1-2024AD at 7:30 am #90790
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
THE PILLARS OF THE PRAYER
The pillars of the prayer are fourteen:
(1) Standing, if one has the ability to do so;
(2) The opening Takbeer;
(3) Reciting Surah Al-Faatihah;
(4) Bowing;
(5) Rising from Bowing:
(6) Prostrating on all seven limbs;10
(7) Erecting oneself from it;
(8) Sitting between the two prostrations;
(9) Remaining tranquil (i.e. not rushing) during all of these pillars;
(10) Maintaining the same sequence;
(11) the Final Tashahhud;
(12) Sitting for it;
(13) Sending Salaat on the Prophet; and
(14) the (final) two Tasleems.1⃣The First Pillar: Standing if one is able to do so. The proof for this is Allaah’s statement:
حافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَوَةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ
“Guard strictly the prayers, especially the middle one. And stand before Allaah with full submission.” [Surah Al-Baqarah: 238]
2⃣The Second Pillar: The Opening Takbeer. The proof for this is the hadeeth: “Its opening” is the Takbeer (saying Allaahu Akbar) and its closing is the Tasleem (Saying As-Salaam ‘Alaikum).” After this occurs the opening supplication, which is supererogatory, and goes: “Subhaanak Allaahumma wa Bi-Hamdika. Wa Tabaarakasmaka wa Ta’aala Jadduka. Wa Laa Ilaaha Ghayruka.” [Free from imperfections are You, O Allaah, and all praise is Yours. Blessed is Your Name and there is no deity worthy of worship besides You]
The meaning of “Subhaanak Allaahumma” is: I absolve You from all imperfections in a manner that befits Your majesty. “Wa Bi-Hamdika” i.e. while praising You. “Wa Tabaarakasmaka” i.e. blessing can be attained by mentioning You. “wa Ta’aala Jadduka” i.e. Glorified be Your Greatness. “Wa Laa llaaha Ghayruk i.e. There is nothing that has the right to be worshipped on the earth or in the heaven except You, O Allaah.
Then he says: “A’udhoo Billaahi min ash-Shaytaan-ir-Rajeem” (I seek refuge in Allaah from the rejected devil), i.e. “A’udhoo” means I seek refuge and recourse in You and rely on You, O Allaah. “Min ash-Shaytaan-ir-Rajeem” means the outcast, the one who is far removed from Allaah’s mercy. He cannot harm me in my religion or in my worldly affairs.
3⃣The Third Pillar: Then there occurs the recitation of Surah Al-Faatihah, which is a pillar, in every rak’ah (unit), as occurs in the hadeeth: “There is no prayer for the one who doesn’t recite the opening (chapter) of the Book.” It is the foundation of the Qur’aan.
“Bismillaah-ir-Rahmaan-ir-Raheem” (In the Name of Allaah, the Most Merciful, Bestower of Mercy) is a request for blessing and assistance.
“Al-Hamdulillaah” (All praise is for Allaah): “Hamd” means praise. The definite article (Al) before Hamd is for including all the commendable acts He does. As for the good thing that one has no role in bringing about, such as beauty and so on, then praising that is called madah and not hamd.
“Rabb-il-‘Aalameen” (Lord of all that is created): Rabb means the One who is worshipped, the Creator, the Sustainer, the King, the One who administers and brings up all of the creation through His favors. With regard to ‘Aalameen, everything that is apart from Allaah then that is considered ‘Aalam. He is the Lord of everyone and everything.
“Ar-Rahmaan” (The Most Merciful): means He grants a general mercy for all of the created beings.
“Ar-Raheem” (The Bestower of Mercy): means He gives a specified mercy for just the believers. The proof for this is Allaah’s statement:
وَكَانَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَحِيمًا
“And He is ever an All-Bestower of mercy to the believers.” [Surah Al-Ahzaab: 43]
“Maaliki-Yawm-id-Deen” (Master of the Day of Judgement): refers to the Day of Reward, Recompense and Accountability, the Day when everyone will be compensated for his deeds if they are good, then there will be good (for him) and if they were evil, then there will be evil (for him). The proof for this is Allaah’s statement:
وَمَا أَدْرَنكَ مَا يَوْمُ الدِّينِ ثُمَّ مَا أَدْرَنكَ مَا يَوْمُ الدِّينِ يَوْمَ لَا تَمْلِكُ نَفْسٌ لِنَفْسٍ شَيْئًا وَالْأَمْرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلَّهِ .
“And what will make you know what the Day of Recompense is? Again, what will make you know what the Day of Recompense is? (It will be) The Day when no person shall have power (to do anything) for another, and the decision that Day will be wholly with Allaah.” [Surah Al-Infitaar: 17-19]
There is also the hadeeth of the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam): “The shrewd person is the one who subjects himself and works for what comes after death. And the feeble person is the one who allows his soul to follow its vain desires, while aspiring for Allaah to grant his ambitions.” 14
“lyyaaka Na’budu” (You alone do we worship): meaning we don’t worship anyone except You. This is a covenant between the servant and his Lord that he will not worship anyone besides Him.
“Wa lyyaaka Nasta’een” (And in You alone do we seek assistance): This is a covenant between the servant and his Lord that he will not seek the assistance of anyone besides Allaah.
“Ihdinaas-Siraat-al-Mustaqeem” (Guide us to the Straight Path) means direct us, show us the way and keep us firm on as-Siraat (the Path), meaning Islaam. It is also believed that it refers to the Messenger and likewise that it refers the Qur’aan. All of these meanings are true. What is meant by Mustaqeem (Straight) is that which has no deviations in it.
“Siraat-aladheena An’amta ‘alayhim” (The Path of those You bestowed Your Favor on): meaning the way of those who have received your Bounty. The proof for this is
Allaah’s saying: وَمَن يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ فَأُوْلَتِبِكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ وَحَسُنَ أُوْلَتِبِكَ رَفِيقًا
“And whoever obeys Allaah and the Messenger, then they will be in the company of those on whom Allaah has bestowed His Favor, such as the prophets, the first to believe (in the prophets), the martyrs and the righteous. And how excellent these companions are!” [Surah An-Nisaa: 69]
“Ghayr-il-Maghdoobi ‘alayhim” (Not those who earned Your Anger): They are the Jews since they have knowledge but do not act on it. We ask Allaah to protect you from their way.
“Wa laad-Daalleen” (Nor of those who went astray): This refers to the Christians, who worship Allaah based on ignorance and misguidance. We ask Allaah to protect you from their way. The proof for those who went astray is Allaah’s saying:
قُلْ هَلْ نُنَبِّئُكُم بِالْأَخْسَرِينَ أَعْمَلًا
الَّذِينَ ضَلَّ سَعْيُهُمْ في الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّهُمْ يُحْسِنُونَ صُنْعًا )“Say: Shall we inform you of the greatest losers with respect to their deeds? Those whose efforts have been wasted in this life, while they thought they were acquiring good by their deeds.” [Surah Al-Kahf: 103-105]
And there is also the hadeeth of the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam): “You will indeed follow the ways of those who came before you, in exactly the same manner, to the point that if they were to enter the hole of a lizard, you would also enter it.” They said: “O Messenger of Allaah, do you mean the Jews and the Christians?” He (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said: “Who else?” Al-Bukhaaree and
Muslim reported it.
And the second hadeeth is: “The Jews split up into seventy-one sects and the
Christians split up into seventy-two sects. And this ummah (of Muslims) will
split up into seventy-three sects. All of them will be in the Hellfire except for one.” They said: “Who are they O Messenger of Allaah?” He (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said: “Those who are upon the same way that I and my Companions are upon.”
4⃣The Fourth Pillar: Bowing
5⃣The Fifth Pillar: Rising from the bowing position
6⃣The Sixth Pillar: Prostrating on one’s seven limbs.
7⃣The Seventh Pillar: Erecting oneself from that
8⃣The Eighth Pillar: Sitting between the two prostrations. The proof for these (last five) pillars is Allaah’s statement:
يَتَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا أَرْكَعُوا وَاسْجُدُوا
“O you who believe! Bow and prostrate (in prayer).” [Surah Al-Hajj: 77]
And also the hadeeth of the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam): “I was ordered to prostrate on seven body limbs.” 15
9⃣The Ninth Pillar: Being in a state of tranquility during all of the acts.
1⃣0⃣The Tenth Pillar: Following a sequential order between these pillars. The proof for these (i.e. last two pillars) is the hadeeth about the man who prayed badly, narrated by Abu Hurairah (radyAllaahu ‘anhu), who said: “One day we were sitting with the Prophet when a man entered and prayed. [Then he rose from prayer] and greeted the Prophet with Salaam. So the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) told him: ‘Go back and pray for you have not prayed.’ This occurred three times, and finally the man said: ‘I swear by the One who sent you as a prophet in truth, I cannot do better than this, so teach me (the correct way to pray). So the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said: ‘When you get up to pray, say the Takbeer (Allaahu Akbar). Then recite what is easy for you from the Qur’aan. Then bow until you feel tranquility bowing. Then rise until you feel tranquil standing. Then prostrate until you feel tranquility whilst prostrating. Then rise from it until you feel tranquility sitting. Then do this in all of your prayers.”
1⃣1⃣&1⃣2⃣The Eleventh and Twelfth Pillar: The final Tashahhud is an obligatory pillar, as is stated in the hadeeth reported by Ibn Mas’ood (radyAllaahu ‘anhu), who said: “Before the tashahhud was made obligatory on us, we would say: ‘As-Salaamu ‘alaa Allaahi min ‘Ibaadihi. As-Salaamu ‘alaa Jibreel wa Mikaa’eel.’ [Peace be on Allaah from His servants. Peace be on Jibreel and Mikaa’eel]. So the Prophet (sallAllaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) said: ‘Do not say: Peace (Salaam) be on Allaah, for indeed Allaah, He is As-Salaam. Instead say: At-Tahiyyaatu Lillaahi was-Salawaatu wat-Tayyibaat. As-Salaamu ‘alayka ayyuhaan-Nabee wa Rahmatullaahi wa Barakaatuh. As- Salaamu ‘alaynaa wa ‘alaa ‘Ibaadillaahis-Saaliheen. Ash-hadu an Laa llaaha IllaaAllaah wa Ash-hadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa Rasooluh.16 17
The meaning of “At-Tahiyyaat” is that all of the glorifications are for Allaah, who possesses and deserves that, such as the acts of inclining, bowing, prostrating, remaining and continuing (in the acts of prayer). Everything for which the Lord of creation is glorified due to, then that belongs to Allaah. So whoever directs any part of that (glorification) to other than Allaah, he is a polytheist, disbeliever.
“As-Salawaat” means all of the supplications. It is also held that it refers to the five daily prayers.
“wat-Tayyibaat”. Allaah is Tayyib (good), He does not accept any of the sayings or actions except for those that are tayyib (good).
“As-Salaamu ‘alayka ayyuhaan-Nabee wa Rahmatullaahi wa Barakaatuh” means that you are supplicating for the Prophet to have safety, mercy and blessing. The one who is supplicated for is not being supplicated to along with Allaah. 18
“As-Salaamu ‘alaynaa wa ‘alaa ‘Ibaadillaahis-Saaliheen” means you are sending Salaam (peace) upon yourself and to every righteous servant in the heaven and the earth.
“Salaam” is for the supplication. “Saaliheen” is for those who are being supplicated for, and they are not being supplicated to along with Allaah.
“Ash-hadu an Laa ilaaha IllaaAllaah wahdahu laa Shareeka Lahu”. You testify with a certain testimony that no one in the heaven and the earth has the right to be worshipped except Allaah. And your testimony that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah means that he is a slave (worshipper of Allaah) who is not to be worshipped, and a messenger who is not to be rejected. Rather, he is to be obeyed and followed. Allaah honored him with granting him the station of servitude (i.e. that he worships Allaah). The proof for this is Allaah’s statement:
تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ الْفُرْقَانَ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ لِيَكُونَ لِلْعَالَمِينَ نَذِيرًا
“Blessed be the One who sent the Criterion to His slave so that He may be a warner for the creation.” [Surah Al-Furqaan: 1]
1⃣3⃣&1⃣4⃣The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Pillar: “Allaahumma Salli ‘alaa Muhammadin wa
‘alaa Aali Muhammadin kamaa Salayta ‘alaa Ibraaheema wa ‘alaa Aali
Ibraaheema Innaka Hameedun Majeed.”THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PRAYER
Its requirements are eight: (1) All of the Takbeers except for the Opening Takbeer;(2)
Saying “Subhaana Rabby al-‘Adheem” [Perfect is my Lord, the Most Great] while
bowing;
(3) Saying “Sami’a Allaahu Liman Hamidahu” [Allaah hears the one who
praises Him] – this applies to the one leading the prayer and the one praying alone; (4)
Saying “Rabbanaa wa Lakal-Hamd” [Our Lord to You belongs the Praise] – this
applies to everyone;
(5) Saying “Subhaana Rabby al-A’alaa” [Perfect is my Lord, the
Most High] while prostrating; (6) Saying “Rabb Ighfir Lee” [My Lord, forgive me] while
in between the two prostrations;
(7) The first Tashahhud; and
(8) Sitting for it.
The pillars are that which if one fails to perform any of them out of forgetfulness or
intentionally, his prayer is rendered invalid because of his abandoning it. The
requirements are that which if one fails to perform any of them intentionally, his prayer
is rendered invalid due to his abandoning it, but if he leaves any of them due to
forgetfulness, he is obligated to perform the (extra) prostrations for forgetfulness (at the end of the prayer). And Allaah knows best.[The Conditions, Pillars
and Requirements of
the Prayer
By Imam Muhammad bin
ÂAbdil-Wahhaab]
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