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Mon 16 Dhul Qidah 1444AH 5-6-2023AD at 6:13 pm #90123
@Sahabs
❓ The rules of Wearing a niqab in the View of 4 Imam Madhhabs and Bad consequences of women showing their faces to non-mahram men⚠️
⏩ Question:
What is consequences if women not covering her face in front of non mahram men?
⏩ Answer:
In the name of Allah Most Mercyful,The Bestower of Mercy
1️⃣ Shafi’i Madhhab
▶️ The Syafi’i madhhab opinion about the rules of wearing niqab, women’s private parts in front of men (non-mahram) is the whole body.Until they oblige women to wear niqab in front of non mahram men. This is the opinion of the Mu’tamad of the Shafi’i school.
✍️Asy Syarwani said:
إن لها ثلاث عورات : عورة في الصلاة ، وهو ما تقدم ـ أي كل بدنها ما سوى الوجه والكفين . وعورة بالنسبة لنظر الأجانب إليها : جميع بدنها حتى الوجه والكفين على المعتمد وعورة في الخلوة وعند المحارم : كعورة الرجل »اهـ ـ أي ما بين السرة والركبة ـ
Women have three types of aurat
(1) aurat in prayer – as has been explained – which is the whole body except the face and palms
(2) aurat towards the eyes of non mahram men, which is the whole body including the face and palms, according to the authoritative opinion
(3) aurat when the two are with a mahram, just like a man, that is between the navel and the thigh
📚 (Hasyiah Asy Syarwani ‘Ala Tuhfatul Muhtaaj, 2/112)
✍️Shaykh Sulaiman Al Jamal said:
غير وجه وكفين : وهذه عورتها في الصلاة . وأما عورتها عند النساء المسلمات مطلقًا وعند الرجال المحارم ، فما بين السرة والركبة . وأما عند الرجال الأجانب فجميع البدن
The meaning of An Nawawi’s words ‘woman’s aurat are other than the face and palms’, this is aurat in prayer. As for the aurat of a Muslim woman in front of a man who is still mahram, it is between the navel and the thigh.Whereas in front of a man who is not a mahram is the whole body”
📚(Hasyiatul Jamal Ala’ Syarh Al Minhaj, 411)
✍️Shaykh Muhammad bin Qaasim Al Ghazzi, author of Fathul Qaarib, said:
وجميع بدن المرأة الحرة عورة إلا وجهها وكفيها ، وهذه عورتها في الصلاة ، أما خارج الصلاة فعورتها جميع بدنها
The whole body of a woman apart from the face and palms is aurat. This is aurat in prayer. As for outside prayer, a woman’s aurat are the whole body”
📚 (Fathul Qaarib, 19)
✍️Ibnu Qasim Al Abadi said:
فيجب ما ستر من الأنثى ولو رقيقة ما عدا الوجه والكفين . ووجوب سترهما في الحياة ليس لكونهما عورة ، بل لخوف الفتنة غالبًا
It is obligatory for women to cover the whole body except the face and palms, even if the cover is thin.And it is also obligatory to cover the face and palms, not because both are aurat, but because in general both is to cause fitnah”
📚(Hasyiah Ibnu Qaasim ‘Ala Tuhfatul Muhtaaj, 3/115)
✍️Taqiyuddin Al Hushni, the writer of Kifaayatul Akhyaar, said:
ويُكره أن يصلي في ثوب فيه صورة وتمثيل ، والمرأة متنقّبة إلا أن تكون في مسجد وهناك أجانب لا يحترزون عن النظر ، فإن خيف من النظر إليها ما يجر إلى الفساد حرم عليها رفع النقاب
It is makrooh to pray by wearing clothes with pictures or paintings.It is also makrooh for women to wear a niqab (veil) during prayer except non mahram men is present.and except if in the mosque it is difficult to stay away from the attention of non mahram men.If a woman is worried about being looked at by non mahram men causing damage, it is forbidden to take off the niqab (veil)”
📚(Kifaayatul Akhyaar, 181)
2️⃣ Hanbali Madhhab
✍️Imam Ahmad bin Hambal said:
كل شيء منها ــ أي من المرأة الحرة ــ عورة حتى الظفر
Every part of a woman’s body is private, including her nails
📚(Zaadul Masiir, 6/31)
✍️Shaykh Abdullah bin Abdil Aziz Al ‘Anqaari, author of Raudhul Murbi’, said:
« وكل الحرة البالغة عورة حتى ذوائبها ، صرح به في الرعاية . اهـ إلا وجهها فليس عورة في الصلاة . وأما خارجها فكلها عورة حتى وجهها بالنسبة إلى الرجل والخنثى وبالنسبة إلى مثلها عورتها ما بين السرة إلى الركبة
Every part of a baligh woman’s body is aurat, including the corner of her head.This opinion has been explained in the book Ar Ri’ayah… except for the face, because the face is not an aurat in prayer.As for outside prayer, all parts of the body are aurat, including the face if in front of a man.If in front of fellow women, the aurat is from the navel to the thigh”
📚(Raudhul Murbi’, 140)
✍️Ibn Muflih said:
قال أحمد : ولا تبدي زينتها إلا لمن في الآية ونقل أبو طالب :ظفرها عورة ، فإذا خرجت فلا تبين شيئًا ، ولا خُفَّها ، فإنه يصف القدم ، وأحبُّ إليَّ أن تجعل لكـمّها زرًا عند يدها
Imam Ahmad said: ‘The meaning of the verse is, they (women) should not show their ornaments except to the people mentioned in the verse’.
Abu Talib quoted an explanation from him (Imam Ahmad): ‘Women’s nails are part of the aurat.If they go out, they must not show anything, not even khuf (a kind of sock), because the khuf still shows the curves of the legs.And I would prefer if they made a kind of press button on the hand'”
📚(Al Furu’, 601-602)
✍️Shaykh Manshur bin Yunus bin Idris Al Bahuti, when explaining the matan Al Iqna’, he said:
وهما » أي : الكفان . « والوجه » من الحرة البالغة « عورة خارجها » أي الصلاة « باعتبار النظر كبقية بدنها »
The two of them, it is the two palms and the face, are aurat outside of prayer because of the sight, just like other parts of the body”
📚(Kasyful Qanaa’, 309)
✍️Shaykh Muhammad bin Salih Al Utsaimin said:
القول الراجح في هذه المسألة وجوب ستر الوجه عن الرجال الأجانب
A strong opinion in this matter is that it is obligatory for women to cover their faces from ajnabi men”
📚 (Fatawa Nurun ‘Alad Darb, http://www.ibnothaimeen.com/all/noor/article_4913.shtml)
3️⃣ Hanafi Madhhab
▶️The opinion of the Hanafi school about the rules of wearing a niqab, a woman’s face is not aurat, but wearing a veil is a sunnah (recommended) and becomes obligatory if it is feared to cause fitnah in front of non mahram men.
✍️Asy Syaranbalali said:
وجميع بدن الحرة عورة إلا وجهها وكفيها باطنهما وظاهرهما في الأصح ، وهو المختار
The whole body of a woman is aurat except for the face and inner palm and outer palm, this is a more authentic opinion and is the choice of our madhabb”
📚(Matan Nuurul Iidhah)
✍️Al Imam Muhammad ‘Alaa-uddin said:
وجميع بدن الحرة عورة إلا وجهها وكفيها ، وقدميها في رواية ، وكذا صوتها، وليس بعورة على الأشبه ، وإنما يؤدي إلى الفتنة ، ولذا تمنع من كشف وجهها بين الرجال للفتنة
The whole body of a woman is aurat except for the face and inner palms. In a story, also the outer palm. So is his voice. But it is not aurat if it is in front of other women.If it tends to cause slander, it is forbidden to show her face in front of men,and it is obligatory for cover her face”
📚 (Ad Durr Al Muntaqa, 81)
✍️Al Allamah Al Hashkafi said:
والمرأة كالرجل ، لكنها تكشف وجهها لا رأسها ، ولو سَدَلَت شيئًا عليه وَجَافَتهُ جاز ، بل يندب
When the woman (in ihram) opens her face but cannot open her head. If a woman stretches out a cloth to cover her face and keeps the cloth away (from her face), that is permissible, even recommended
📚(Ad Durr Al Mukhtar, 2/189).
▶️In his explanation, this shows that during ihram, women opened their faces, but it is recommended for them to extend the cloth from the top of their heads, then away from their faces so that their faces remain covered but also not porhibition on wearing the niqab.
✍️Al Allamah Ibnu Abidin said:
تُمنَعُ من الكشف لخوف أن يرى الرجال وجهها فتقع الفتنة ، لأنه مع الكشف قد يقع النظر إليها بشهوة
It is forbidden for women to show their faces for fear of being seen by men, then slander arises.Because if the face is revealed, sometimes men see it with lust”
📚 (Hasyiah ‘Alad Durr Al Mukhtaar, 3/188-189)
✍️Al Allamah Ibnu Najiim said:
قال مشايخنا : تمنع المرأة الشابة من كشف وجهها بين الرجال في زماننا للفتنة
The scholars of our madhabb say that it is forbidden for young women to show their faces in front of men in our time, because it is feared that it will cause Fitnah”
📚(Al Bahr Ar Raaiq, 284).
⁉️ He said so in his time, that is, he died in 970 AH, — And what about our time now?
4️⃣ Maliki Madhhab
▶️ The Maliki school of thought thinks about the law of wearing a Niqab that a woman’s face is not an aurat, but wearing a niqab is a sunnah (recommended) rules and becomes obligatory if it is feared to cause of Fitnah with a non mahram man. Even some Maliki scholars think that the whole body of a woman is aurat.
✍️Az Zarqaani said:
وعورة الحرة مع رجل أجنبي مسلم غير الوجه والكفين من جميع جسدها ، حتى دلاليها وقصَّتها . وأما الوجه والكفان ظاهرهما وباطنهما ، فله رؤيتهما مكشوفين ولو شابة بلا عذر من شهادة أو طب ، إلا لخوف فتنة أو قصد لذة فيحرم ، كنظر لأمرد ، كما للفاكهاني والقلشاني
A woman’s aurat in front of a non mahram man is the whole body except the face and palms. Even her beautiful voice is aurat. While the face, outer and inner palms, can be seen and seen by men even if the woman is young either just to see or for treatment purposes.Unless there is a fear of slander or a man looking at a woman for pleasure, then the rules is haram, just as it is haram to look at amraad.This is also opinion of Al Faakihaani and Al Qalsyaani”
📚 (Syarh Mukhtashar Khalil, 176)
✍️ Ibnul Arabi said:
والمرأة كلها عورة ، بدنها ، وصوتها ، فلا يجوز كشف ذلك إلا لضرورة ، أو لحاجة ، كالشهادة عليها ، أو داء يكون ببدنها ، أو سؤالها عما يَعنُّ ويعرض عندها
The whole woman is aurat.Both his body and his voice.It is not allowed to show his face unless there is an emergency or there is an urgent need such as testimony or treatment on his body, or we are asked if he is the person meant (in question)”
📚 (Ahkaamul Qur’an, 3/1579)
✍️Al Qurthubi said:
قال ابن خُويز منداد ــ وهو من كبار علماء المالكية ـ : إن المرأة اذا كانت جميلة وخيف من وجهها وكفيها الفتنة ، فعليها ستر ذلك ؛ وإن كانت عجوزًا أو مقبحة جاز أن تكشف وجهها وكفيها
Ibnu Juwaiz Mandad – he is a great Maliki scholar – said: If a woman is beautiful and worries that her face and hands will cause slander, she should cover her face.If she is an old woman or her face is ugly, it is permissible for her to show her face
📚(Tafsir Al Qurthubi, 12/229)
✍️Al Hathab said:
واعلم أنه إن خُشي من المرأة الفتنة يجب عليها ستر الوجه والكفين . قاله القاضي عبد الوهاب ، ونقله عنه الشيخ أحمد زرّوق في شرح الرسالة ، وهو ظاهر التوضيح
Know that if there is fear of slander then women must cover their faces and palms.This is said by Al Qadhi Abdul Wahhab, also quoted by Shaykh Ahmad Zarruq in Syarhur Risaalah.And this is the more correct opinion”
📚 (Mawahib Jaliil, 499)
✍️Al Allamah Al Banaani, explaining Az Zarqani’s opinion above:
وهو الذي لابن مرزوق في اغتنام الفرصة قائلًا : إنه مشهور المذهب ، ونقل الحطاب أيضًا الوجوب عن القاضي عبد الوهاب ، أو لا يجب عليها ذلك ، وإنما على الرجل غض بصره ، وهو مقتضى نقل مَوَّاق عن عياض . وفصَّل الشيخ زروق في شرح الوغليسية بين الجميلة فيجب عليها ، وغيرها فيُستحب
This opinion is also said by Ibnu Marzuq in the book Ightimamul Furshah, he said: ‘This is a popular opinion in the Maliki madhhab’. Al Hathab also quotes the words of Al Qadhi Abdul Wahhab that the law is obligatory. Some Maliki scholars mention the opinion that the law is not obligatory but men must submit their views. This opinion was quoted by Mawwaq from Iyadh. Shaykh Zarruq in the book Syarhul Waghlisiyyah details, if it is beautiful then it is obligatory, if it is not beautiful then it is sunnah
📚 (Hasyiyah ‘Ala Syarh Az Zarqaani, 176)
⚠️ Bad consequences of women showing their faces to non-mahram men
▶️If we think about unveiling and women showing their faces to non-mahram men, we will see that it involves many bad consequences.Those negative consequences include:
1. Fitnah (temptation).
➖By unveiling her face, a woman may be tempted to do things to make her face look more beautiful. This is one of the greatest causes of evil and corruption.
2. Taking away haya (modesty, shyness) from women, which is part of faith and of a woman’s nature (fitrah).
➖Women are examples of modesty, as it was said, “more shy than a virgin in her seclusion.” Taking away a woman’s modesty detracts from her faith and the natural inclination with which she was created.
3. Men may be tempted by her, especially if she is beautiful and she flirts, laughs and jokes, as happens in the case of many of those who are unveiled.
➖The Shaytan flows through the son of Adam like blood.
4. Mixing of men and women.
➖If a woman thinks that she is equal with men in uncovering her face and going around unveiled, she will not be modest and will not feel too shy to mix with men. This leads to a great deal of fitnah (temptation) and widespread corruption.
✍️Hamzah ibn Abi Usayd from his father that he heard
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say,
when he was coming out of the mosque and he saw men mingling with women in the street;
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to the women, “Draw back, and do not walk in the middle of the road; keep to the sides of the road.”
Then the women used to keep so close to the walls that their garments would catch on the walls because they kept so close to them.
📚(Al-Tirmidhi narrated (5272) Classed as hasan by al-Albani in Sahih al-Jami’, 929)
📚Adapted from the words of Shaykh Muhammad ibn ‘Uthaymin (may Allah have mercy on him) in Risalat al-Hijab.Repost by Shaykh Muhammad shalih al Munajjid
✍️Allah Ta’ala says:
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ قُل لِّأَزۡوَٰجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَآءِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ يُدۡنِينَ عَلَيۡهِنَّ مِن جَلَٰبِيبِهِنَّۚ ذَٰلِكَ أَدۡنَىٰٓ أَن يُعۡرَفۡنَ فَلَا يُؤۡذَيۡنَۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ
O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to bring down over themselves [part] of their outer garments. That is more suitable that they will be known and not be abused. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.
📚(Al-Ahzab, 59)
✍️ Allah Ta’ala also says:
وَقُل لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ يَغۡضُضۡنَ مِنۡ أَبۡصَٰرِهِنَّ وَيَحۡفَظۡنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبۡدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَاۖ وَلۡيَضۡرِبۡنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَىٰ جُيُوبِهِنَّۖ وَلَا يُبۡدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ ءَابَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ ءَابَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ إِخۡوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوۡ بَنِيٓ إِخۡوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوۡ بَنِيٓ أَخَوَٰتِهِنَّ أَوۡ نِسَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُهُنَّ أَوِ ٱلتَّـٰبِعِينَ غَيۡرِ أُوْلِي ٱلۡإِرۡبَةِ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ أَوِ ٱلطِّفۡلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَظۡهَرُواْ عَلَىٰ عَوۡرَٰتِ ٱلنِّسَآءِۖ وَلَا يَضۡرِبۡنَ بِأَرۡجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعۡلَمَ مَا يُخۡفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّۚ وَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ
And tell the believing women to reduce [some] of their vision and guard their private parts and not expose their adornment except that which [necessarily] appears thereof and to wrap [a portion of] their headcovers over their chests and not expose their adornment except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their women, that which their right hands possess, or those male attendants having no physical desire, or children who are not yet aware of the private aspects of women. And let them not stamp their feet to make known what they conceal of their adornment. And turn to Allah in repentance, all of you, O believers, that you might succeed.
📚(An-Nur, 31)
✍️Ibn Hajar says:
“In the past and the present, women were/are used to cover their faces in the presence of non-mahrams (Marriageable men).”
📚{Fath Al-Bhari 9:235}.
⁉️ But what happend nowdays?—many young women showing her face showing her beauty very easy.even use a makeup — what They are forgot what is Fitrah of women?— even some women was wear a. niqab before and now she open it even publish it without any shame
‼️ we advise the our dear sisters in islam to keep your Niqab and not uncover your face.Also, it doesn`t befit a believing woman who is used to covering her face before people to uncover it particularly at a time of the estrangement of Islam where rewards are multiplied for those adhere to the provisions of Islamic rules and May Allah always guide us
And Allah knows best
write by Fadia Riaz
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